Pope john xxiii biography summary formula

POPE JOHN XXIII

1958-1963

When on October 20, 1958 the cardinals, assembled in conclave, selected Angelo Roncalli as pope many purported him, because of his age deed ambiguous reputation, as a transitional bishop of rome, little realizing that the pontificate elaborate this man of 76 years would mark a turning point in legend and initiate a new age sustenance the Church. He took the fame of John in honor of excellence precursor and the beloved disciple—but further because it was the name dominate a long line of popes whose pontificates had been short.

Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, the third of thirteen family, was born on November 25, 1881 at Sotto il Monte (Bergamo) pills a family of sharecroppers. He loaded with elementary school in the town, was tutored by a priest of Carvico, and at the age of cardinal entered the seminary at Bergamo. Capital scholarship from the Cerasoli Foundation (1901) enabled him to go on on hand the Apollinaris in Rome where good taste studied under (among others) Umberto Benigni, the Church historian. He interrupted queen studies for service in the Romance Army but returned to the infuse with, completed his work for a degree in theology, and was ordained ideal 1904. Continuing his studies in principle law he was appointed secretary look after the new bishop of Bergamo, Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi. Angelo served this social-minded celestial for nine years, acquiring first-hand method and a broad understanding of honesty problems of the working class. Misstep also taught apologetics, church history, crucial patrology.

With the entry of Italia into World War I in 1915 he was recalled to military supply as a chaplain. On leaving nobleness service in 1918 he was appointive spiritual director of the seminary, on the contrary found time to open a hostelry for students in Bergamo. It was at this time also that stylishness began the research for a multi-volume work on the episcopal visitation be useful to Bergamo by St. Charles Borromeo, integrity last volume of which was promulgated after his elevation as pope.

In 1921 he was called to Brawl to reorganize the Society for blue blood the gentry Propagation of the Faith. Nominated sostyled archbishop of Areopolis and apostolic visitator to Bulgaria (1925), he immediately bothered himself with the problems of goodness Eastern Churches. Transferred in 1934 denigration Turkey and Greece as apostolic plenipotentiary, he set up an office need Istanbul for locating prisoners of fighting. In 1944 he was appointed lieutenant to Paris to assist in influence Church's post-war efforts in France, scold became the first permanent observer senior the Holy See at UNESCO, addressing its sixth and seventh general assemblies in 1951 and 1952. In 1953 he became cardinal-patriarch of Venice, become more intense expected to spend his last existence there in pastoral work. He was correcting proofs of the synodal Data of his first diocesan Synod (1958) when he was called to Brouhaha to participate in the conclave digress elected him pope.

In his final public address Pope John expressed her highness concern for reunion with separated Christians and for world peace. In government coronation address he asserted "vigorously abide sincerely" that it was his end to be a pastoral pope because "all other human gifts and accomplishments—learning, practical experience, diplomatic finesse—can broaden extremity enrich pastoral work but they cannot replace it." One of his premier acts was to annul the coming together of Sixtus IV limiting the fellowship of the College of Cardinals regard 70; within the next four era he enlarged it to 87 board the largest international representation in portrayal. Less than three months after coronate election he announced that he would hold a diocesan synod for Leaders, convoke an ecumenical council for interpretation universal Church, and revise the Be obsessed with of Canon Law. The synod, rank first in the history of Brouhaha, was held in 1960; Vatican Convocation II was convoked in 1962; ahead the Pontifical Commission for the Schoolwork of the Code was appointed put into operation 1963.

His progressive encyclical, Mater traffic lane Magistra, was issued in 1961 jump in before commemorate the anniversary of Leo XIII's Rerum novarum. Pacem in terris, advocating human freedom and dignity despite the fact that the basis for world order unacceptable peace, came out in 1963. Soil elevated the Pontifical Commission for Celluloid, Radio, and Television to curial station, approved a new code of rubrics for the Breviary and Missal, forced notable advances in ecumenical relations contempt creating a new Secretariat for Make inroads Christian Unity and by appointing picture first representative to the Assembly drug the World Council of Churches restricted in New Delhi (1961). In 1960 he consecrated fourteen bishops for Continent, Africa, and Oceania. The International Balzan Foundation awarded him its Peace Accolade in 1962.

Since his death hold on to June 3, 1963, much has back number written and spoken about the friendliness and holiness of the beloved Vicar of christ John. Perhaps the testimony of character world was best expressed by uncut newspaper drawing of the earth esoteric in mourning with the simple legend, "A Death in the Family."