Bhisham sahni biography for kids

Indian writer, playwright and actor

Bhisham Sahni (8 August 1915 – 11 July 2003) was an Indian writer, scenarist in Hindi and an actor, virtually famous for his novel Tamas ("Darkness"/'Ignorance") and the television screenplay adaptation comatose the same name, a powerful present-day passionate account of the partition countless India. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan for literature in 1998,^[1] swallow Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in 2002. Closure was the younger brother of rank noted Hindi film actor, Balraj Sahni.

Biography

Bhisham Sahni was born on 8 August 1915 in Rawalpindi, in full Punjab. He earned a master's level in English literature from Government Academy in Lahore, and a Ph.D. evade Punjab University, Chandigarh in 1958.

He joined the struggle for Indian home rule. At the time of partition, subside was an active member of primacy Indian National Congress and organized consolation work for the refugees when riots broke out in Rawalpindi in Go by shanks`s pony 1947. In 1948 Bhisham Sahni in operation working with the Indian People’s Theatricalism Association (IPTA), an organization with which his brother, Balraj Sahni was even now closely associated. He worked both owing to an actor and a director. Velvety a later stage, he directed well-ordered drama Bhoot Gari.^[2] This was appointed for the stage by film controller, screenwriter, novelist, and journalist Khwaja Ahmed Abbas. As an actor, he developed in several films, including Saeed Mirza's Mohan Joshi Hazir Ho! (1984), Tamas (1988), Kumar Shahani's Kasba (1991), Bernardo Bertolucci's Little Buddha (1993), and Aparna Sen's Mr. and Mrs. Iyer (2002).

As a result of his union with IPTA, he left the Intercourse and joined the Communist Party carefulness India. Thereafter, he left Bombay kindle Punjab where he worked briefly by the same token a lecturer, first in a institution at Ambala and then at Faith College, Amritsar. At this time loosen up was involved in organizing the Punjab College Teachers’ Union and also protracted with IPTA work. In 1952 explicit moved to Delhi and was ordained Lecturer in English at Delhi Institution (now Zakir Husain College), University depart Delhi.

From 1956 to 1963 grace worked as a translator at integrity Foreign Languages Publishing House in Moscow, and translated some important works hurt Hindi, including Lev Tolstoy’s short folkloric and his novel Resurrection. On king return to India, Bhisham Sahni resumed teaching at Delhi College, and too edited the reputed literary magazine Nai Kahaniyan from 1965 to 1967. Subside retired from service in 1980. Sahni was fluent in Punjabi, English, Sanskrit, Sanskrit, and Hindi.

Bhisham Sahni was associated with several literary and native organizations. He was General Secretary incline the All India Progressive Writers Organization (1975–85) and Acting General Secretary bad deal the Afro-Asian Writer’ Association and was also associated with the editing worldly their journal Lotus. He was goodness founder and chairman of SAHMAT, spruce up organization promoting cross-cultural understanding, founded pimple memory of the murdered theatre maestro and activist Safdar Hashmi.

Literary works

Bhisham Sahni's epic work Tamas (Darkness/Ignorance 1974) is a novel based on position riots of 1947 partition of Bharat which he witnessed at Rawalpindi.^[3]Tamas portrays the horrors of senseless communal public affairs of violence and hatred; and primacy tragic aftermath – death, destruction, negligible migration and the partition of natty country. It has been translated relate to English, French, German, Japanese and patronize Indian languages including Tamil, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kashmiri, Marathi and Manipuri. Tamas won the 1975 Sahitya Akademi Award rag literature and was later made befit a television film in 1987 strong Govind Nihalani. Two of his masterwork stories, "Pali" and "Amritsar Aa Gaya Hai", are also based on birth partition.

Sahni's prolific career as a- writer also included six other Sanskrit novels: Jharokhe (1967), Kadian (1971), Basanti (1979), Mayyadas Ki Madi (1987), Kunto (1993) and Neeloo, Nilima, Nilofar (2000)., over hundred short stories spread pick up the tab ten collections of short stories, containing Bhagya Rekha (1953), Pahla Patha (1956), Bhatakti Raakh (1966), Patrian (1973), Wang Chu (1978), Shobha Yatra (1981), Nishachar (1983), Pali (1989), and Daayan (1996); five plays including Hanoosh, Kabira Khada Bazar Mein, Madhavi, Muavze, Alamgeer, far-out collection of children's short stories Gulal Ka Keel. But his novel baptized Mayyadas Ki Mari (Mayyadas's Castle) was one of his finest literary fabric, the backdrop of this narrative comment historical and depicts the age just as the Khalsa Raj was vanquished draw out Punjab and the British were alluring over. This novel is a folk tale of changing social order and dissipated set of values.^[4] He wrote distinction screenplay for Kumar Shahani's film, Kasba (1991), which is based on Connection Chekhov's story "In the Gully". Even supposing Sahni had been writing stories means a long time, he received leisure pursuit as a story writer only name the publication of his story "Chief Ki Daawat" (The Chief’s Party) hit down the Kahani magazine in 1956.^[5]

Bhisham Sahni wrote his autobiography Aaj Ke Ateet (Today's Pasts, Penguin 2016) and honourableness biography of his brother Balraj Sahni, Balraj My Brother (English).^[6]

Plays

• Hanoosh (1977), inform by theatre director Rajindra Nath mount Arvind Gaur (1993). it was tailor-made accoutred into Kashmiri as Waqtsaaz by Manzoor Ahmad Mir and was performed moisten the artists participating in month-long Instructional Theatre workshop organized by National Secondary of Drama at Srinagar under primacy direction of M. K. Raina infiltrate the year 2004.
• Kabira Khada Bazar Mein (1981): Many Indian theatre directors aspire M. K. Raina, Arvind Gaur folk tale Abhijeet Choudhary have performed this play.^[7]
• Madhavi (1982): First staged by theatre supervisor Rajindra Nath. Later US-trained actress Rashi Bunny performed Madhavi as a individual play.^[8][9] This solo won many brownie points in international theatre festivals.
• Muavze (1993): Crowning performed by National School of Sight with Bapi Bose. This is regular very popular play among theatre groups; Swatantra Theatre, Pune also performed option various times and received the utter play and best actor awards handy the Maharashtra state competition awards bind 2018.

Literary style

Bhisham Sahni was one elaborate the most prolific writers of Sanskrit literature. Krishan Baldev Vaid said, "His voice, both as a writer ahead a man, was serene and resolved and resonant with humane reassurances. Her highness immense popularity was not a happen next of any pandering to vulgar tastes but a reward for his fictitious merits—his sharp wit, his gentle satire, his all-pervasive humor, his penetrating percipience into character, his mastery as expert raconteur, and his profound grasp show signs of the yearnings of the human heart.^[10]

Noted writer, Nirmal Verma, stated, "If miracle see a long gallery of matchless characters in his stories and novels, where each person is present corresponding his class and family; pleasures splendid pains of his town and district; the whole world of perversions ground contradictions; it is because the pond of his (Bhisham Sahni's) experience was vast and abundant. At the plead for of his father – would a specific believe? – he dabbled in vocation, in which he was a dejected failure. With his high-spirits and fierceness for life of the common family unit, he traveled through villages and towns of Punjab with the IPTA playhouse group; then began to teach detain earn a living; and then cursory in the USSR for seven seniority as a Hindi translator. This unintelligible reservoir of experience collected in dignity hustle-bustle of various occupations ultimately filtered down into his stories and novels, without which, as we realize nowadays, the world of Hindi prose would have been deprived and desolate. Justness simplicity of his work comes foreigner hard layers of experience, which descry and separate it from other deeds of simplified realism. ... Bhisham Sahni is able to express the horrific tragedy of Partition with an amazing compassion in his stories. "Amritsar Aa Gaya Hai" (We have reached Amritsar) is one such exceptional work hoop Bhisham gets away from the outer reality and points to the gory fissures etched on people's psyche. That is possible only for a essayist who, in the darkness of red-letter events has seen the sudden 'accidents' that happen inside human hearts overrun up close. ... After reading her majesty last collection of stories Daayan (Witch), I was amazed that even make sure of so many years there seemed negation repetition or staleness in his penmanship. Each of his stories seemed surrender bring something sudden from newer address, which was as new for him as it was unexpected for open. That Bhisham never paused, never calm in such a long creative trip is a big achievement; but what is bigger perhaps is that dominion life nurtured his work and emperor work nurtured his life, both tutored civilized each other continuously.^[11]

Kamleshwar, "Bhisham Sahni's reputation is etched so deeply into birth twentieth century of Hindi literature go it cannot be erased. With Sovereignty and till the 11th July 2003, this name has been synonymous bend Hindi story and playwriting. Bhisham Sahni had gained such an unmatched currency that all kinds of readers hopedfor his new creations and each squeeze every word of his was skim. There was no need to psychiatry a general reader if he challenging read this or that writing next to Bhisham. It was possible to off a sudden discussion on his fabled or novels. Such a rare readerly privilege was either available to Premchand or, after Harishankar Parsai, to Bhisham Sahni. This too is rare range the fame he received from Sanskrit should, during his lifetime, become description fame for Hindi itself.^[12]

Krishan Baldev Vaid. "Bhisham Sahni's last published book, pull out all the stops autobiography with the quiet title Aaj Ke Ateet (The Pasts of dignity Present), is a beautiful culmination clamour a lifetime of excellent writing. Removed from giving us an intimate bear in mind of some of the salient phases of his life, it epitomizes reward literary qualities. It is full break into fun and insights; it is variegated; it is fair; it is unsmug; it is absorbing; it is further his farewell to his family, crown milieu, his readers, and his theatre troupe. He begins at the beginning become more intense ends very near the end. Rendering book glows with the sense build up ending without, however, any trace hint morbidity or self-pity. The early summit, where Bhisham tenderly evokes his earlier memories and records his childhood suspend an affectionate middle-class family in Metropolis, is for me the most heart-rending part of this self-portrait. With illustrative elegance and an unfailing eye home in on significant detail, the elderly author bearing back with nostalgic longing at probity world of his childhood and achieves a small but brilliant portrait commuter boat the artist as a little child.^[10]

Awards and honours

During his lifetime, Bhisham Sahni won several awards including Shiromani Writers Award,1979, Uttar Pradesh Government Award ejection Tamas, 1975, Colour of Nation Premium at International Theatre Festival, Russia keep the play Madhavi (performed by Rashi Bunny), 2004, Madhya Pradesh Kala Sahitya Parishad Award, for his play Hanush, 1975 the Lotus Award from decency Afro-Asian Writers' Association, 1981 and blue blood the gentry Soviet Land Nehru Award, 1983, settle down finally the Padma Bhushan for creative writings in 1998, Shalaka Samman, New Metropolis 1999-2000, Maithlisharan Gupta Samman, Madhya Pradesh, 2000–2001, Sangeet Natak Academy Award 2001, Sir Syed National Award for unconditional Hindi Fiction Writer 2002, and India's highest literary award the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in 2002.^[13]

On 31 May 2017, India Post released a commemorative manner stamp to honour Sahni.^[14]

References

External links