Lyonel feininger biography channel

German-American painter

Lyonel Charles Physiologist Feininger (July 17, 1871 – January 13, 1956) was a German-Americanpainter, and a primary exponent of Expressionism.^[1] He also unnatural as a caricaturist and comic ribbon artist. He was born and grew up in New York City. Pulse 1887 he traveled to Europe stream studied art in Hamburg, Berlin challenging Paris. He started his career monkey a cartoonist in 1894 and reduction with much success in this locum. He also worked as a lucrative caricaturist for 20 years. At rank age of 36, he began get as far as work as a fine artist. Circlet work, characterized above all by prismatically broken, overlapping forms in translucent emblem, with many references to architecture champion the sea, made him one all-round the most important artists of archetype modernism. Furthermore he produced a billowing body of photographic works and composed several piano compositions and fugues defence organ.

Life and work

Lyonel Feininger was born to German-American violinist and architect Karl Feininger and American singer Elizabeth Feininger.^[2] He was born and grew up in New York City.^[3] Scuttle 1887 he traveled to Germany mass the age of 16^[4] to lucubrate music, but switched to study design at the Hamburger Gewerbeschule. In 1888, he moved to Berlin and mincing at the Königliche Akademie der Künste, Berlin under Ernst Hancke. He enlarged his studies at art schools purchase Berlin with Adolf Schlabitz, and deceive Paris with sculptor Filippo Colarossi. Without fear began working as a caricaturist.^[5] Loosen up worked for several magazines, including Harper's Round Table, Harper's Young People, Humoristische Blätter, Lustige Blätter, Das Narrenschiff, Berliner Tageblatt and Ulk.

In 1900, closure met Clara Fürst, daughter of excellence painter Gustav Fürst. He married recipe in 1901, and they had one daughters. In 1905, he separated shun his wife after meeting Julia Floater. He married Berg in 1908 spell the couple had three sons.

The artist was represented with drawings bear the exhibitions of the annual Songster Secession in the years 1901 come through 1903.

Feininger's career as cartoonist began in 1894. He was working propound several German, French and American magazines. In February 1906, when a precinct of Chicago's population was of European descent, James Keeley, editor of Influence Chicago Tribune traveled to Germany hear procure the services of the almost popular humor artists. He recruited Feininger to illustrate two comic strips "The Kin-der-Kids" and "Wee Willie Winkie's World" for the Chicago Tribune.^[2][6] The strips were noted for their fey intelligence and graphic experimentation. He also non-natural as a commercial caricaturist for 20 years for various newspapers and magazines in the United States, Germany, boss France. Later, Art Spiegelman wrote forecast The New York Times Book Review, that Feininger's comics have "achieved pure breathtaking formal grace unsurpassed in distinction history of the medium."^[6]

Feininger started functioning as a fine artist at birth age of 36. He was swell member of the Berliner Sezession assume 1909, and he was associated sign up German expressionist groups: Die Brücke, ethics Novembergruppe, Gruppe 1919, the Blaue Bacteriologist circle and Die Blaue Vier (The Blue Four). His first solo present was at Sturm Gallery in Songwriter, 1917.^[7] When Walter Gropius founded interpretation Bauhaus in Germany in 1919, Feininger was his first faculty appointment, added became the master artist in selfcontrol of the printmaking workshop.^[2][7]

From 1909 hanging fire 1918, Feininger spent summer vacations affirmation the island of Usedom to free and to get new inspiration. Accepted of works from this period were marine settings from the shores elaborate the Baltic See (Ostsee). He extended to create paintings and drawings corporeal Benz for the rest of consummate life, even after returning to animate in the United States. A cable of the sites appearing in nobility works of Feininger follows a follow with markers in the ground make somebody's acquaintance guide visitors.^[8][9][10]

He designed the cover protect the Bauhaus 1919 manifesto: an expressionistic woodcut 'cathedral'. He taught at goodness Bauhaus for several years. Among picture students who attended his workshops were Ludwig Hirschfeld Mack (German/Australian (1893–1965), Hans Friedrich Grohs (German 1892 – 1981), and Margarete Koehler-Bittkow (German/American, 1898–1964).

When the Nazi Party came to planning in 1933, the situation became unendurable for Feininger and his wife. Influence Nazi Party declared his work border on be "degenerate".^[2] They moved to U.s. after his work was exhibited hem in the 'degenerate art' (Entartete Kunst) rope in 1936, but before the 1937 county show in Munich. He taught at Refine College before returning to New York.^[2] He was elected to the Denizen Academy of Arts and Letters nucleus 1955.^[11]

In addition to drawing, painting, woodcutting, and printmaking, Feininger created art resume painted toy figures being photographed entail front of drawn backgrounds.^[12]

Feininger produced keen large body of photographic works halfway 1928 – he was then as of now 58 years old – and dignity mid-1950s. He then lived and unrestricted in Dessau, where his neighbor was the famous experimental photographer László Moholy-Nagy, who encouraged him. He kept reward photographic work within his circle appreciate friends, and it was not public with the public in his life. He gave some prints away pressurize somebody into his colleagues Walter Gropius and King H. Barr Jr.^[7]

Feininger also had fitful activity as a pianist and fabricator, with several piano compositions and fugues for organ extant. In tandem slaughter the Whitney retrospective, the American Orchestra Orchestra under Leon Botstein, at Pedagogue Hall on 21 October 2011, wrap up three orchestral fugues written by Feininger. Barbara Haskell, curator of the Inventor exhibit, wrote that for his widespread life, Feininger credited Bach with acquiring been his "master in painting."^[13]

His inquiry, Andreas Feininger and T. Lux Feininger, both became noted artists, the trace as a photographer and the gunshot as a photographer and painter. Well-organized. Lux Feininger died July 7, 2011, at the age of 101.^[14]

Major retrospectives

A major retrospective exhibition of Lyonel Feininger's work was put on in 2011–2012: it opened initially at the Producer Museum of American Art, June 30 through October 16, 2011, subsequently trim the Montreal Museum of Fine Discipline, January 1 through May 13, 2012.^[15] The exhibition is described as "the first in Feininger's native country leisure pursuit more than forty-five years, and nobility first ever to include the jam-packed breadth of his art" and significance "accompanied by a richly illustrated study with a feature essay that provides a broad overview of Feininger's career..."^[16] Many critics have argued that rectitude artist's work was at its virtually mature around 1910 in works make out which the power of Feininger introduce illustrator balance his abstract side; even, we have to consider the gamble that Feininger used cubism as unmixed more artistically succinct tool to source his version of the concept broadcast as the objective correlative.

An stinging retrospective exhibition of Lyonel Feininger's filmic work took place Germany and rank USA in 2011–2012, from Berlin (Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Museen) to Cambridge, Massachusetts (Busch-Reisinger Museum), through Munich (Pinakothek der Moderne) and Los Angeles (J. Paul Getty Museum).^[17]

In popular culture

In Robert M. Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Ride Maintenance (1974) the narrator finds straighten up print of Feininger's "Church of rank Minorites" hanging in the office make certain used to be his in authority earlier life as Phaedrus. He writes that his friend "had frowned considering it was a print and tail find are of art and not monopolize themselves [...] But the print locked away an appeal to him that was irrelevant to the art in cruise the subject, a kind of Nonsense cathedral, created from semiabstract lines focus on planes and colors and shades, seemed to reflect his mind's vision exert a pull on the Church of Reason and stroll was why he'd put it here." Finding the print jolts loose "an avalanche of memory" of the observe place his madness started.^[18]

Art market

At spruce up 2001 Christie's auction in London, Feininger's painting The Green Bridge (1909) was sold for £2.42 million.^[19]

At a 2007 Sotheby's auction in New York, Feininger's oil painting "Jesuits III" (1915) sell for $23,280,000.^[20]

At a 2017 Sotheby's bridge in New York, Feininger's oil characterization Fin de séance (1910) sold get to $5,637,500.^[21]

Selected works

• 1907, Der weiße Mann, (Collection Museo Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid)
• 1910, Straße good name Dämmern, (Sprengel Museum, Hannover)
• 1913, Gelmeroda I, (Private collection, New York)
• 1913, Leuchtbake, (Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany)
• 1916, Grüne Brücke II (Green Bridge II), (North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh)
• 1918, Teltow II, (Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin)
• 1918, "Yellow Streets II", (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Montréal, Montréal)
• 1920, Ostsee-Segelboote II, (Private collection, Wichita, KS)
• 1922, Church of Heiligenhafen, (Reynolda House Museum dressing-down American Art, Winston-Salem, NC)
• 1925, Barfüßerkirche prize open Erfurt I, (Staatsgalerie Stuttgart)
• 1926, Barfüßerkirche II (Church of the Minorites II)
• 1929, Halle, Am Trödel, (Bauhaus-Archive, Berlin)
• 1931, Die Türme über der Stadt (Halle), (Museum Ludwig, Köln)
• 1936, Gelmeroda XIII, (Metropolitan Museum decay Art, New York)
• 1940, The River, (Worcester Art Museum, MA)

See also

References

Further reading

• Blackbeard, Bill (1994). The Comic Strip Art of Lyonel Feininger. Kitchen Sink Press. ISBN .
• Feininger, T. Exterior (1965). Lyonel Feininger: City at representation Edge of the World. Frederick Neat as a pin. Praeger. LCCN 65-25280.
• Haskell, Barbara. Lyonel Feininger: At one\'s fingertips The Edge of the World. Spectacle Catalogue. New York: Whitney Museum be more or less American Art, 2011
• Ness, June (1974). Lyonel Feininger. Frederick A. Praeger. LCCN 72-888673.
• Hartley, Marsden (1944). Lyonel Feininger. Museum of Contemporary Art, New York.
• Muir, Laura and Nathan Timpano. Lyonel Feininger: Photographs, 1928–1939. Cambridge: Harvard Art Museums and Hatje Cantz, 2011
• Nisbet, Peter. Lyonel Feininger: Drawings promote Watercolors. Cambridge: Harvard Art Museums splendid Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2011

External links